Integration. Basics
Within an enterprise, there are several types of integration, such as the integration of human, material and financial resources. Next, we will detail each one of these integration environments.
Personnel integration. It is defined in an alternative manner as the administration of human resources, which is composed by the planning of the human resource, recruitment, selection, hiring, induction, evaluation, training and development, and maintenance of the human factor.
The Planning of the Human Resource, refers to determining the number of people needed, as well as the abilities and skills to be used in a short to long terms. This stage is closely related to the growth plans of the enterprise in a long term.
Recruitment, is to seek for candidates interested in working for the enterprise. It is a general call; to summon.
Selection, refers to the evaluation of capabilities, experience and abilities in a candidate in relation to a position, to choose the most capable to take charge. It is conducted through an interview, IQ tests, skills and abilities, psychological tests, etc.
Hiring, is when you have selected a candidate to work for the enterprise. The contract can be for an indefinite period of time, if such is the case, or for a specific time, when the project has a deadline, or a task, etc.
Induction, refers to the coping between the person coming in for the first time to the enterprise and the organization. This is carried out at an enterprise level in general; organic unit in which this person will work.
Evaluation, is done periodically evaluating personnel performance with the purpose of finding defective areas where the employees need to improve or as a constant improvement for all workers.
Training and Development, with which we seek the employee to perform his task in a better way, and which allows him to move ahead in the enterprise.
Maintenance of the human factor, here, we must determine the mechanisms and means to keep employees from leaving the enterprise but for them to see an opportunity for development and personal and professional growth.
Internal and external sources.
Internal sources are constituted by the employees working at the moment in the enterprise; and the external sources to obtain qualified human resources are composed by the competition, collocation institutes, etc.
Integration of Material Resources.
As it was previously mentioned, this is the activity of purchasing, which is considered to be as old as sales itself. These two activities are complements of each other, since one can't exist without the other, may they be national or international, of an industrial, commercial or service character.
Purchases are basic for the progress of every enterprise. However large or small, buyers and sellers place special interest in the negotiations they perform.
The raw materials, merchandise, and other materials must comply with the elemental requirements of a good purchase:
· Price
· Quality
· Quantity
· Delivery conditions
· Conditions of payment
· Post-sale service
Definition of Purchases:
1. "Purchasing comes from the Latin comparare, and it is translated as acquiring something for money".
2. "Acquisition, from the Latin adquisitio, -onis, the action of acquiring". As a result, purchasing must be considered as a synonym of acquiring.
3. Traditionally, it is said that buying is "the responsible function of making all the purchases required by the enterprise, in the appropriate moment".
4. Moreover, "purchases are operations carried out to satisfy a specific need".
5. Michel Calimeri defines purchases as: "the operation that intends to supply, in the best possible conditions, the materials (raw material and semi-finished goods, accessories, consumption goods, machinery, services, etc.) which are necessary to reach the objectives defined by the administration of that enterprise".
The importance of purchases.
Nowadays, purchases must be considered as a vital function for the success of any enterprise. The objectives of such enterprise will be the acquisition of raw materials and the essential articles for the manufacturing of its goods or finished products for sale or the rendering of adequate services using all necessary elements.
The Integration of Financial Resources.
A special mention goes to the area of integration of financial resources. These are of vital importance for an enterprise to function well. They can be their own resources or external resources. Among the external resources we can mention loans from financial institutions, stocks, etc.
For the integration of such resources, we must take into consideration aspects like: interest rate, period, amount to be borrowed, destination (working capital or investment capital), guaranties, etc.
