LEKTION 2
Nouns
In German, nouns always begin with a capital letter, regardless of their position in a sentence.
Nouns can be masculine, feminine or neutral. There is not a rule that allows us to know the gender of the word, therefore it is only by using them that we can dominate this aspect:
| Der Hund |
The dog |
| Das Kind |
The boy |
| Die Frau |
The woman |
The plural form is formed without following a particular rule as with English, therefore it is a matter of knowing the word and then knowing its plural form:
| Der Hund |
Die Hunde |
| Das Kind |
Die Kinder |
| Die Frau |
Die Frauen |
Finally, we need to point out that nouns are declined depending on their function in a sentence:
| Nominative (subject) |
Der Mann ist hier |
The man is here |
| |
Die Frau ist hier |
The woman is here |
| |
Das Kind ist hier |
The boy is here
|
| Accusative (directo object) |
Ich treffe den Mann |
I find the man |
| |
Ich treffe die Frau |
I find the woman |
| |
Ich treffe das Kind |
I find the child
|
| Dative (Indirect object) |
Ich sage das dem Mann |
I say this to the man |
| |
Ich sage das der Frau |
I say this to the woman |
| |
Ich sage das dem Kind |
I say this to the boy
|
| Genitive (posessive) |
Der Hund des Mannes |
The man's dog |
| |
Der Hund der Frau |
The woman's dog |
| |
Der Hund des Kindes |
The child's dog |
Later in the course, we will look at the form and function of nouns in more detail.
VOCABULARY
| House |
Haus (n) |
Dining room |
Wohnzimmer (n) |
| Door |
Tür (f) |
Hall |
Empfangszimmer (n) |
| Window |
Fenster (n) |
Dining room |
Esszimmer (n) |
| Wall |
Wand (f) |
Bedroom |
Schlafzimmer (n) |
| Floor |
Boden (m) |
Bathroom |
Badezimmer (n) |
| Ceiling |
Zimmerdecke (f) |
Office |
Arbeitszimmer (n) |
| Roof |
Dach (n) |
Stairs |
Treppe (f) |
| Chimney |
Schornstein (m) |
Garage |
Garage (f) |
| Balcony |
Balkon (m) |
Loft |
Dachkammer (f) |
| Passage |
Flur (m) |
Kitchen |
Küche (f) |
