Lesson 21 ª

 

 

 

 

 

   
LEKTION 21
The Present Perfect

Sound Stop

  • The Present Perfect is used, above all in the spoken language whilst in the written langauge you use more the past tense.


  • The Present Perfect is formed with the auxiliary verb "haben" (or in some cases, with the auxiliary verb "sein", when the main verb indicates movement), followed by the participle of the main verb.


  • Here are some examples:


  • The auxiliary verb "haben" - is used with the majority of verbs

    Ich habe gearbeitet I have worked
    Du hast gearbeitet You have worked
    Er hat gearbeitet He has worked
    Wir haben gearbeitet We have worked
    Ihr habt gearbeitet You have worked
    Sie haben gearbeitet They have worked


    The auxiliary verb "sein" - is used with verbs of movement and with the verbs "bleiben" (to remain), "passieren" (to happen) and"sein"

    Ich bin gekommen I have come
    Du bist gekommen You have come
    Es ist gekommen He has come
    Wir sind geblieben We have stayed
    Ihr seid gewesen You have been
    Sie sind gewesen They have been


  • In a sentence, the auxiliary is placed after the subject, whilst the main verb goes at the end. Between both you can place the different compliments.


  • I habe ein Buch gelesen I have read a book
    Ich bin nach Italien gefahren I have been to Italy
    Er ist in Madrid gewesen He has been in Madrid
    Mein Bruder hat ein Haus gekauft My brother has bought a house


    Sound Stop

    VOCABULARY

    Boat Schiff (n) Seaman Seemann (m)
    Bow Bug (m) Deck Deck (n)
    Stern Heck (n) Cabinboy Schiffsjunge (m)
    Starboard Steverbord (n) Rudder Steuer (n)
    Port Backboard (n) Yacht Jacht (f)
    Mast Mast (m) Rudder Ruder (n)
    Cabin Kajüte (f) Anchor Anker (m)
    Sail Segel (n) Captail Kapitän (m)
    To sail Segeln To sink Versinken
    To be shipwrecked Schiffbruch erleiden