Lesson 34 ª

 

 

 

 

 

   
LEKTION 34
The Imperative

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We are first going to look at the form of the imperative with 2nd person singular and plural forms:

This time, the imperative is fomed by taking the root of the verb and adding the following endings:

  • 2nd person singular + (e)
    2nd person plural + t

  • We have placed the 2nd person singular ending in brackets as it is frequently not used, especially in the spoken language.

  • There is also an imperative form used which denotes courtesy. In this case, we take the infinitive with the personal pronoun
  • Here are some examples:

    Infinitive Imperative
      2nd person singular 2nd person plural Courtesy
    Gehen (to go) Geh(e) Geht Gehen Sie
    Laufen (to run) Lauf(e) Lauft Laufen Sie
    Singen (to sing) Sing(e) Singt Singen Sie
    Besuchen (to visit) Besuch(e) Besucht Besuchen Sie
    Verkaufen (to sell) Verkauf(e) Verkauft Verkaufen Sie


  • Some verbs are irregular when forming the imperative. Here are some examples:


      Imperative
    Infinitive 2nd person singular 2nd person plural Courtesy
    Essen (To eat) Iss Esst Essen Sie
    Lesen (To read) Lies Lest Lesen Sie
    Sein (To be) Sei Seid Seien Sie


  • Here are some examples of imperative sentences:


    Kauf dieses Buch ! Buy this book!
    Kommt mit mir ! Come with me!
    Warte dort ! Wait here!
    Lesen Sie dieses Buch ! Read this book!


    Sound Stop

    VOCABULARY

    Steering wheel Lenkrad (n) Clutch Kupplung (f)
    Spark plug Zundkërke (f) Tyre Reifen (m)
    Battery Batterie (f) Wheel Rad (n)
    Engine Motor (m) Bonnet Motorhaube (f)
    Piston Kolben (m) Boot Kofferraum (m)
    Windscreen wipers Scheibenwischer (m) Cylinder Zylinder (m)
    Bumper Stossstange (f) Number plate Kennzeichen (n)
    Wing mirror Rückspiegel (m) Carburetor Vergaser (m)
    Gear Gang (m) Petrol tank Benzintank (m)
    Accelerator Gaspedal (n) Brake Bremse (f)
    Windscreen Windschutzscheibe (f)