Lesson 1ª


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

WHAT ARE NATURAL NUMBERS?

We call natural numbers to every whole number (those which have no decimals) and every positive number (those which don't have a negative sign in front): 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,………

We can perform operations with natural numbers:

fthj

When you subtract or divide, you must be very careful. Sometimes, the results you get might not be natural numbers. For example, when we subtract 6 – 10 = – 4, or when you divide 6 / 10 = 0,6.

We use natural numbers to count: 1, 2, 3, 4,….etc.

Generally, we don't have any problems when dealing with simple numbers.

Write:

    1. Five thousand [and] five.
    2. (A) One hundred thousand one hundred
    3. Four hundred [and] four thousand [and] four.

Answers:
         5.005
         100.100
         404.004

 

We could have problems with very large numbers as well as very small numbers.

LARGE NUMBERS:

  • In the long scale, a thousand million is called a "Milliard" or 1.000.000.000, and "Billion" is used for a million million or 1.000.000.000.000.

  • In the short scale, a thousand million is called a "Billion" or 1.000.000.000, and the word "Milliard" is not used. A "Trillion" equals 1.000.000.000.000.

MEGA equals to 106 (a 1 with six zeros behind it), which is to say, one million (1.000.000).

MILLIARD (in long scale) is the natural number written as: 1.000.000.000 and is read as:   (one) a thousand million or one billion (in short scale).

GIGA equals to 109 (a 1 with nine zeros behind it), or 1.000.000.000.

TERA equals to 1012 or  1.000.000.000.000 (a 1 with twelve zeros behind it). It is read as: one trillion or a thousand billion (in short scale) and as one billion or a million million (in long scale).
Tera is also a river in the province of Zamora.

Answer the following questions:

1.4 Do you know how to write one billion?

1.5 Write one thousand milliards.

1.6 Write one milliard

1.7 Can you read this quantity 1.000.000.000?

1.8 How many milliards are there in a long scale billion?

Answers:

1.4    1.000.000.000 (short scale) and 1.000.000.000.000 (long scale)

1.5    1.000.000.000.000

1.6    1.000.000.000

1.7     One thousand million or a milliard (long scale)

1.8     One thousand

Answer the following questions:

1.9 How many millions are there in a Billion?

1.10 Is a Billion the same as a Milliard?

1.11 How many Milliards equal a Billion?

1.12 How many thousands make up five million?

1.13 Is it true that a million million equals a Billion?

Answers:

1.9 A thousand in short scale and a million in long scale.

1.10 A short scale Billion is the same as a Milliard, but not in a long scale.

1.11 A short scale Billion is the same as a Milliard. However, in a long scale, one thousand milliards. A milliard is 1.000.000.000 and one thousand milliards: 1.000.000.000.000

1.12 Five thousand. 5.000 X 1.000 = 5.000.000

1.13 In a long scale, it is: 1.000.000 X 1.000.000 = 1.000.000.000.000. On the other hand, in a short scale it isn't: 1.000.000.000.000 equals a Trillion.